Reversible steam-engine.



PATENTED OCT. 31', 1905.

J. W. HAWN.

REVERSIBLE STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION PILED MAR. 1, 1904. mmwm Am. zo. 1905.

5 SEEETS-SHEET 1.

/ Im'sunr.,

ai V w PATENTED OUT. 31, 1905.

No. &03,162.

E N I G N .E M AE HT s E L cmu S R E V E R APPLIUATION FILED MAR.1. 1904. RENE-WEB APR. 20.1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J #k %574 %i mmmasm Noi 803,l62. PATENTED OCT. 31, 19.05.

J. W. HAWN.

REVERSIBLE STEAM ENGIN-E.

APPILIOATION FILED MAR. 1, 1904. RENEWBD APB. 20,1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Unwrap sTATEs PATENT OFFTCE.

JOHN W. HAWN, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF TW'O-THIRDS TO CHARLES A. WALKER AND WILLIAM E. MINTON, OF KANSAS CITY,

MISSOURI.

REVERSIBLE STEAM-ENGINE.

No. &03,162.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 31, 1905.

To r/ZZ whom, it may cancrn:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. HAwN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented new and useful Improvements in Reversible SteaIn-Engines, of which the 'following is a specification.

My invention relates to reversible steamengines; and the object that I have in view in producng such an engine s to attain a high rate of speed and force of power with the smallest amount of steam possible. In the illustrations two cylinders are shown, two or more being necessary to accomplish my purpose.

To this end my invention consists, which I will further proceed to describe by referring to the drawings, in which- I Figure 1 discloses an end elevation of a cylinder with the end plate removed and the bedplate upon which the cylinder and other appliances to the invention rest in sections and the position of a valve and valve-stem carrying slotted roller eccentrically mounted in the cylinder, also disclosing the location of a steamchest with a steam-s'upply pipe in cross-section therein which 's adapted to have a lateral movement through the steamchest for the purpose of reversing the engine. Fig. 2 is an end plate, in elevation, removed from Fig. 1, and a pair of cog-wheels which is adapted to automatically control the steam to and from the cylinders. Fig. 3 is a horizontal longitudinal view of my invention resting on a bed-plate, taken on line A A of Fig. 1, disclosing a pair of cylinders, two or more being necessary to fully accomplish my purpose, and other parts in section, together with the valve carrying revolving rollers, supported on a driving-shaft eccentrically mounted in the cylinders. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of my invention when complete and ready for use, with the exception of perfecting the connection to a steam-boiler, which may be done in any'suitable manner. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of one of the cylinders, taken online B B of Fig 4 disclosing the position of the valve-carryng roller eccentrically mounted in the cylinder, also the position that the' valve is in when the steam begins to enter the cylinder. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of one of my cylinders, taken on line O O of Fig. l, disclosing the position of oneof the valves and the valve-carryng rollers partly broken away. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of my steam-chest and steam-pipe passing longitudinally through said chest and steam-pipe connections thereto, taken on line D D of Fig. l, showing the relative position of the steam-ports to the steam-pipes when the valve-carrying roller and valve stands in the position indicated on line C C of same figure. Fig. 8 is an end view of one of the valves, disclosing the ends of longitudinal slides which are adapted to work loosely against the walls of the longitudinal slot in the valve-carrying rollers. Fg. 9 is a sectional View of the valve, disclosing one-half of the stem in plan, said stem being slotted at the end entering the valve, the object of which will be described later on. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the valve, taken in the opposite direction from that of Fig. 9 and on line E E of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a broken section of the end of the valve-stem that enters the valve, disclosing the slot, which is adapted to straddle a cross-pin, seen at F ig. 9. Fig. 12 designates one-half of my steam-chest with a section of steam-pipe in position, with two openings indicated, one at the middle of the pipe, the other one near the left-hand end. Fig. 1 3 is the opposite half of Fig. 12, the two being adapted to be Secured together, as seen at Fig. 1 and Fig. 5. The openings indicated in the pipe in this figure are on the opposite side of the pipe to that of Fig. 12. The object of these openings will be fully described later on. Fig. 14 is a broken sectional view taken on line F F of Fig. 1, showing the location of a T-shaped ring as it appears in cross-section. This ring extends around each end of the valve-carrying rollers and is correspondingly the same size of the ends.

With the foregoing description I will further proceed to more minutely descrbe my invention by referring to oorresponding numerals on the drawings and the specification, in which 1 illustrates a pair of cylinders mounted on a bed-plate 2. Said cylinders are horizontally jointed, as indicated at 3 in Fig. 5, and are provided with end plates 4 and a partition-plate 5, centrally between the two cylinders. Horizontally eXtending through the two cylinders and the end plates 4 and the partition-plate 5 and eocentrically to the bore 6 of the cylinders is a hollow shaft 7 which is supported on suitable bear- IOO ings 8 and 9. Mounted on said hollow shaft 7 and within the bores of the cylinders and eccentrically thereto are valve and valvesten carrying rollers 10. Said rollers are provided with longitudinal valve-seats 11. Central oi' the seats and of the rollers are horizontal openings 12. Snugly engaging these openings in the rollers are steam driving-valves 13. Said valves are U-shaped in cross-section longitudinally and are of equal length with the length of the rollers 10 and are further provided with cross pins 14. EXtending snugly through these o nings 12 of the rollers and orosswise throug i the pipe 7 are valve-stems 15. One end of said stems is slotted, as shown at Fig. 11, and is adapted to straddle the cross-pins 14 in the valves 13. Between the slotted ends of valve-stems 15 and the bottom of the slots in the U- shaped valves l3are helical or coil springs 16. The object of said springs is to produce equal and continuous pressure of the valves 13 and the valve-stems 15 against the walls of thebore 6 of the cylinders. Said valves 13 are provided with adjustable slides 17, which are adapted to impinge the ends of the cylinders having pressure-springs behind them, as shown. The rollers 10, being eccentrically mounted in the cylinders, form steam-expansion chambers 18 between the inner walls of the cylinders and the rollers, as shown.

At the point where the rollers impinge the inner walls of the cylinders I have provided check-blocks 19. These check-blocks' are held snugly against the rollers by means of helical springs 20, which are held in position by screw-bolts 21. These check-blocks are provided with adjustable end plates 22, as

clearly shown in Fig. 3. The object of said check-blocks is to prevent the passage of steam between the rollers and the inner walls of the cylinders at these points.

The two sections 'orming each cylinder are secured together by means of bolts 23, and the end plates of the cylinders and the artition 5 are firmly secured to the body o the cylinders by bolts 24, passing clear through from side to side of the cylinders.

The valve-carrying rollers 10 are provided 'with adjustable rings 25 on each end, which also conform to the valve-slots in the rollers, as shown. (Indcated at Fg, 1.)

Mounted on suitable bearings 26, 27, and 28 is a steam-pipe 29. Supported on said steam-pipe is a steam-chest 30, securely held in position by steam-pipe connections engaging said chest and one of the outer walls of the cylinders. Said steam-pipe 29 is adapted to revolve snugly through the steam-chest and is provided with suitable packing-rings which are held in position by packing-nuts screwed into each end of the steam-chest, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, and is provided With openings or steam-ports 31, 32, 33, and

34. i with a slide 35, and mounted on the pipe and Said steam-pipe 29 is further provided adapted to work snugly over said slide 35 and r the pipe is a aog-wheel 36, and rigidly secured to shaft 7 is another cog-wheel 37. These two mesh together, as shown at Fig. 2. Shaft 7 being rigidly secured through the cylinders 10, revolves with the cylinders, and cog-wheel 37, being rigidly secured to said shaft 7 and meshing with aog-wheel 36, which is slidingly secured to steam-pipe 29, causes said steampipe 29 to revolve also. Said aog-wheel 36 thus being slidingly mounted to steam-pipe 29 between bearings 26 and 27, already referred to, will admit said steam-pipe to have' lateral longitudinal movement without disengagement of the two wheels.

The object of the lateral movement of steam-pipe 29 is for the purpose of reversing the action of the valve-carrying rollers, and to produce this lateral movement I have provided a lever 38. Said lever serves a' double purpose, first, to reverse the valves in the valve-couplings through which the eXhauststeam escapes after it leaves the cylinders, and, second, to shift the steam-ports in pipe 29, which is done simultaneously with the movement of the lever either way, which directs the steam in a shifted direction to the cylinders from the steam-pipe 29, through which the steam passes to the cylinders. Lever 38 is pivotally mounted on a suitable stand 39, as shown. Secured to the inner end of said lever is a link 40. One end of said link is pivotally secured to a swivel-stem 41. On the inner end o'fsaid swivel-stem is a ball or a swell 42. To hold said ball and swivel-stem in engagement with the end of steam-pipe 29, I have provided a screwthreaded nut 43. The inner end of said nut and the end of the pipe is correspondingly and on a reversal of the engines through' pipes 50 and 51 to T-couplings 52 and 53, then direct to the engines through pipes 54 and 55, and out through said pipes 48 and 49, pipe 48 shown in Fig. 5. All four of these pipes referred to, that go direct to the engines, are not all indicated elsewhere, only in Fig. 7. They can be indirectly located at Fig. 4.

IOO

IIO

It will be remembered that the steam-ports illustrated in plan in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 are designated 31, 32, 33, and 34, while the same ports in steam-pipe 29 are designated 56, 57, 58, 59, and 60 and will be referred to where invisible in Fig. 7 and Fig. 3 by the numbers designated in the plan views. The route of the steam from the cylinders when they are running in the direction of the arrow 44 is direct out through pipes 54 and 55, and the route out from the cylinders When running in the direction of the arrow 44 is direct out through pipes 43 and 49.

In order to have full control of the steam in reversing the engines, I have provided four valve-couplings, which are designated 63, 64, 65, and 66, the location of which is indicated at Fig. 4, and 63 and 64 designated in section at Fig. 5. These couplings are located in the eXhaust-steam pipes on the outside of the steam-chest, as shown, and are provided with continuous valve-stems 67. Said stems are constructed with swells 68 on their ends, and through these swells, correspondngly with the openings in the steam-pipes 61 and 62, are holes, which are adapted to be reversed alternately, changing the course of the steam outward from the upper to the lower pipes, as the case m-ay be, on the reversal of the engines. When the valve-can rying rollers 10 and the valves 13 stand in the position seen at Fig. 1, by the movement of the cog-wheels 36 and 37 the flow of steam to this cylinder (seen at Fig. 1) is cut oil, while at this point the steam begins to flow into the cylinder against the driving-valve, as seen at Fig. 5, so that on each alternate revolution of the two cylinders the valves, with the valve-carrying rollers, Will run by steam-eX- pansion, or nearly so, from the position of the valve seen at Fig. 1 to the position of the valve seen at Fig. 5.

Referring back to Fig. 14, showing a section of the valve-carrying rollers 10 and a cross-section of ring 25, taken on line F F of Fig. 1, the ring 25 is adapted to snugly engage a recess-channel 69, made in the ends of the rollers, also conforming to the valve-slots in the rollers, and in order to hold the rings out against the heads of the cylinders I have provided coil-springs 70, which rest in the channels under the rings 25. It Will be noticed that on each revolution of the valvecarrying rollers 10 that a vacuum and a compression of air would occur between the inner edges of the driving-valves 13 and the inner portion of the seats ll in the rollers. To prevent such, I have provided two slots or airconduits 13 in the openings 12 of the rollers 10, eXtending from the bottom of the seats 11 to the bore of sha't 7.

Referring back to lever 38 is a connectngrod 71. Said rod is pivotallysecured to this lever at one end and at the other end is pivotally secured to a crank 72, and pivotally secured to crank 72 at one end and a crank 73 at the opposite end is a connecting-link 74, said crank 72 and crank 73, being rigidly secured to valve-stems 67, already described. A pull on lever 38 either Way will reverse said valve-stems, so that the steam can either pass out from the cylinders through valvecouplings 63 and 64, as the case may be, on reversing the engines.

Each end of the valves are recessed and in the recesses are depressions 75, and snugly engaging 'said recesses are adjustable plates 76. Said plates are provided with depressions on their under sides corresponding with the depressions in the recesses of the valves, as shown, and resting in the depressions 75 of the valve and in the depressions of the plates are helical springs 77. These springs are adapted to hold the plates adjustably in engagement to the heads of the cylinders to prevent leakage of steam.

The end of the valve, as seen at Fig. 1, is complete with the plate in position to the valve, and, as seen at Fig. 8, the plate is removed, disclosing the depressions and the springs in the depressions of the valves. 61':

Valve-stem 15 is jointed at 78 and is provided with an eXpansion-spring, the object being to assist in the longitudinal elasticity of said stem.

On one end of shaft 7 is mounted a drivingpulley 79, which is adapted to carry a suitable belt for driving such maehinery as my engine is capable of driving. When the exhaust-steam passes valve-couplings 63, 64, 65, and 66 outward, it then has unimpeded eXit through eXhaust-pipe 80.

Having now fully described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a reversible steam-engine of the character described, a plurality of cylinders, a horizontal sha'ft eccentrically mounted in the cylinders, rollers mounted on the shaft, valves and end plates carried by the rollers, a cog-Wheel mounted on one end of the shaft, and a driving-pulley mounted on the opposite end, a steam-chest supported adjacent to the cylinders, a steam-pipe adapted to work loosely through the steam-chest, a cogwheel slidingly mounted on the steam-pipe and adapted to mesh With the cog-wheel, mounted on the shaft in the cylinders, and means for admitting the steam to and from the cylinders, substantially as described.

2. ln a reversible steam-engine of the character described, a shaft eccentrically supported in the cylinders, slotted valve-carrying rollers concentrically mounted on the shaft and adapted to eccentrically revolve in the cylinders, steam-pipes adapted to admit and discharge steam to and from the cylinders, a steam-chest supported on said pipes, a steam-pipe slidingly mounted through the steam-chest, a aog-wheel slidingly mounted IOO IIO

on said steam -pipe and adapted to mesh acter described, of a plurality of cylinders, a, driVing-shaft horizontally supported in the cylinders, valve-carryng rollers and a cogwheel supported on the shaft, a steam-pipe, a aog-wheel slidingly mounted on said pipe and adapted to mesh With the aog-wheel, secured to the driVing-shaft, passin through the oylnders, a lever nounted and connected to the steam-pipe, and means for conducting the steam to and from the cylinders, and the reversal of the engines, substantially as described.

4. In a reversible steam-engine of the character described, of a driving-shaft eccentrically and horizontally mounted through the cylinders, valve carrying rollers mounted concentrically on the shaft and eccentrcally of the bores of the cylinders, steaIn-entering and steam-dischargng pipes to and from the cylinders, reversible valves supported in valve couplngs to the steam-discharging pipes, a steam-chest, a steam-ppe slidingly passing through the chest, a lever loosely connected to the end of the steam-ppe, a rod and a connecting-link communicating from said lever to the reversible valve-sterns, said lever being adapted to simultaneously reverse the flow of steam to and from the cylinders, substantally as described.

5. In a reversible steam-engine of the character described, of, a lurality of cylinders, a shaft horizontally and eccentrically mounted in and to the bores of the cylinders, slotted rollers concentrically mounted on the shaft and eccentrically to the bores of the cylinders, check-blocks supported between the walls of the cylinders and the slotted rollers,

a cog-wheel mounted on one end of the shaft and a driving-pulley on the opposite end, a, steam-chest supported adjacent to the cylinders, steam-pipes communicatng from the steam-chest to the cylinders, a steam-pipe slidingly mounted longitudinally through the steam-chest, a cog-wheel slidingly mounted on the steam-ppe and adapted to mesh With the aog-wheel on the shaft, steam-ports in the steam-chest, steam-ports in the steampipe and adapted to correspondngly engage the ports in the chest, a lever engaging one end of the steam-ppe adapted to cause lateral movement of said pipe through the steam-chest, substantially as described.

6. In a reversible steam-engine of the character described, the combination of a cylnder, compartments in the cylinder, parttionplates between the compartments, end plates secured to the cylinder, corresponding openings through the end plates and the partition-plates eccentrically arranged to the bore of the cylinder, a hollow shaft horizontally passing through said openings and the cylinder, valves and valve supporting rollers mounted on said shaft,Va1Ve-seats and Valvestem openings in the rollers, air-conduits eX- tending from the Va1Ve-seats to the bore of the shaft, and means for admitting and dischargng steam alternately to and from the cylinders, substantially as described.

In testmony Whereof I afiiX my signature in the presence of tWo witnesses.

JOHN W. HAWN.

Wtnesses:

JOSEPHINE W. GARRISON, WILLIAM A.. LINGLE. 

